The Grey Wolf Optimization-Based Demand Side Management Strategy for Peak Clipping and Load Shifting

Authors

  • Abuyile Mpaka Cape Peninsula University of Technology - Center for Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies (CSIET)
  • Senthil Krishnamurthy Associate Professor of Power Systems https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-0332

Abstract

Demand Side Management (DSM) plays a critical role in modern smart grids by optimizing electricity consumption patterns to improve energy efficiency and system stability. This paper proposes a Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)-based DSM strategy to achieve peak clipping and load shifting. This study focuses on a real-world case study 1 using the Paarl, South Africa user load profile, while case study 2 applies GWO to residential, commercial, and industrial load profiles for peak clipping and load shifting under time-varying electricity prices. The GWO algorithm is used to determine the optimal load scheduling that minimizes peak demand while maintaining consumer comfort. For comparative analysis, the widely used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is implemented as a benchmark. Hypothetical yet realistic simulation results demonstrate that the proposed GWO approach reduces peak demand by 18.5% compared to 14.2% using PSO and achieves a 9.7% improvement in overall energy cost savings. GWO’s convergence behavior indicates that optimal solutions for the DSM objective are obtained more quickly than those for PSO. The results confirm the GWO algorithm's potential for scalable and effective DSM implementation in upcoming smart grids.

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Author Biography

Senthil Krishnamurthy, Associate Professor of Power Systems

Prof. Senthil Krishnamurthy completed MENG in Power Systems Suma
Cum-laude and a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering. He is an Associate
Professor of Power Systems in the Department of Electrical, Electronics, and
Computer Engineering (DEECE) at Cape Peninsula University of Technology.
He is the Centre Head for Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies
(CISET) & Deputy Head for the Center for Substation, Automation and Energy
Management Systems (CSAEMS). Prof Krishnamurthy is a registered
Professional Engineer with ECSA, a Senior Member of SAIEE, and a Member
of IEEE. He is an NRF-rated researcher (C2). He worked on several industrial
projects on Demand-side management, including ESKOM TESP, EPPEI,
Smart Grids, and the SANEDI JET project. His research interests include Power
Systems, AI-based Optimization Methods, Protective Relaying Systems,
Substation Automation, Renewable Energy, Energy Management Systems, and
Parallel Computing.

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Published

2025-12-17

How to Cite

Mpaka, A., & Krishnamurthy, S. (2025). The Grey Wolf Optimization-Based Demand Side Management Strategy for Peak Clipping and Load Shifting. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Applied Sciences (IJEEAS), 8(2). Retrieved from https://ijeeas.utem.edu.my/ijeeas/article/view/6291

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Electrical Engineering and Applied Sciences (In Press)

Section

Articles

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